Class 7 SS Chapter 3 Climates of India

 Class 7 SS Chapter 3 Climates of India

Fill in the Blanks

1. Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular ______ and place.
   Ans: time
2. Climate is the long-term pattern of ______ in a region.
   Ans: weather
3. The layer closest to the Earth’s surface is called the ______.
   Ans: troposphere
4. The instrument used to measure rainfall is called a ______.
   Ans: rain gauge
5. Atmospheric pressure is measured using a ______.
   Ans: barometer
6. Winds move from areas of ______ pressure to low pressure.
   Ans: high
7. Humidity is the amount of water ______ in the air.
   Ans: vapour
8. The southwest monsoon brings heavy ______ to India.
   Ans: rainfall
9. Places near the sea have a more ______ climate.
   Ans: moderate
10. Climate change is mainly caused by human activities like burning ______ fuels.
    Ans: fossil

MCQs with Answers

1. Which of the following describes weather?
   A) Long-term condition
   B) Day-to-day condition
   C) Seasonal condition
   D) Annual condition

Ans: B) Day-to-day condition

2. Which layer of the atmosphere experiences most weather changes?
   A) Stratosphere
   B) Mesosphere
   C) Troposphere
   D) Thermosphere

Ans: C) Troposphere

3. Which instrument measures temperature?
   A) Hygrometer
   B) Thermometer
   C) Barometer
   D) Anemometer

Ans: B) Thermometer

4. Rainfall is measured in ______.
   A) kilometres
   B) litres
   C) millimetres
   D) grams

Ans: C) millimetres

5. Which instrument measures humidity?
   A) Rain gauge
   B) Hygrometer
   C) Thermometer
   D) Barometer

Ans: B) Hygrometer

6. Which type of climate is found in the Thar Desert?
   A) Tropical
   B) Alpine
   C) Arid
   D) Temperate

Ans: C) Arid

7. Which factor affects climate due to distance from the Equator?
   A) Altitude
   B) Latitude
   C) Winds
   D) Rainfall

Ans: B) Latitude

8. Which city is likely to have a cooler climate because of high altitude?
   A) Chennai
   B) Mumbai
   C) Ooty
   D) Jaipur

Ans: C) Ooty

9. Winds blowing from the sea usually bring ______ air.
   A) dry
   B) cold
   C) moist
   D) dusty

Ans: C) moist

10. The southwest monsoon usually begins in India in the month of ______.
    A) January
    B) March
    C) June
    D) December

Ans: C) June

11. Which Indian state receives the highest rainfall?
    A) Rajasthan
    B) Gujarat
    C) Meghalaya
    D) Punjab

Ans: C) Meghalaya

12. A cyclone forms due to a ______ pressure system.
    A) high
    B) low
    C) equal
    D) normal

Ans: B) low

13. Which disaster is common in hilly regions?
    A) Cyclone
    B) Flood
    C) Landslide
    D) Drought

Ans: C) Landslide

14. Forest fires spread rapidly during ______ conditions.
    A) humid
    B) rainy
    C) dry
    D) snowy

Ans: C) dry

15. Climate change is mainly caused by excessive release of ______ gases.
    A) oxygen
    B) nitrogen
    C) greenhouse
    D) hydrogen

Ans: C) greenhouse

 

Answer the following questions

 

1. What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather is the day-to-day condition of the atmosphere.
Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a region.

2. What are seasons?

Seasons are periods of the year caused by the Earth’s movement around the Sun.
They recur every year in a fixed cycle.

3. Why is India’s climate diverse?

India has mountains, deserts, plateaus, plains, and coastal regions.
These physical features create different climatic conditions.

4. How does latitude affect climate?

Places near the Equator are hotter because they receive direct sunlight.
Places farther from the Equator are cooler.

5. Why are hill stations cooler than plains?

Temperature decreases with an increase in altitude.
The air at higher places is thinner and cooler.

6. How does the sea influence climate?

The sea moderates temperature in coastal areas.
So, coastal regions have mild summers and winters.

7. What are monsoons?

Monsoons are seasonal winds that bring rainfall to India.
They are caused by differences in heating of land and sea.

8. Why are monsoons important for India?

Monsoons provide water for agriculture and daily life.
Good monsoon rainfall helps crops grow properly.

9. What causes floods?

Floods occur due to heavy rainfall or overflowing rivers.
Poor drainage and blocked waterways also increase flooding.

10. What is climate change?

Climate change means long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.
It is mainly caused by pollution, deforestation, and burning fossil fuels.